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Many thanks for your replies . Yes @Parchie I had swapped the CTR/VTR around as mentioned.

Good day protection engineers, I am struggling to see how in the SEL 411L protection manual example they managed to convert the line primary susceptance values to secondary values. I understand the primary values are derived from line characteristics like impedance, capacitance, geometry etc...

Thank you in advance

Good day I have been looking at protection schemes for series compensated lines, to be specific line differential. I saw that SEL have an alpha plane characteristic which is useful on series compensated lines. But the literature on ABB RED relays is a bit vague when it comes to this. For...

Thank you all . So this is something one needs to determine using a software program like ETAP as I suspected. @Oblsss you can find the tool here https://assets.website-files.com/5dc3329c429c1a9866f49d34/5e361dccf4dd537ac939bf90_CT-SAT-Calculator-PSRC.xls

Good day protection and control engineers I am busy familiarizing myself with CT specifications and saturation checks. I was recommended an IEEE CT saturation tool. Besides burden, primary fault current, I see on the main important parameters is the X/R ratio. How do I determine this at the...

Good day I have been asked to do a protection and grading study for a 11kV distribution network (doing in ETAP). One of the feeders coming out of the main 11kV substation has a series reactor installed on it, to limit the fault current seen by the downstream substation. The client has given me...

@RRaghunath Many thanks for explaining this

Good day protection and control experts. Im relatively new in the P&C field. Just a silly question, what is a "starter" when referred in the context of protection schemes. I have been seeing this term while goping through various papers on distance protection. Your responses are helpful.

Hi all, When it comes to Electromagnetic Transient Analysis , with respect to line modelling , can someone in layman terms explain the meaning of the following: 1. Phase domain of a line 2. Mode domain of a line. I see when doing EMTP Studies, some models included Phase-mode transformation ...

Hi all, When it comes to Electromagnetic Transient Analysis , with respect to line modelling , can someone in layman terms explain the meaning of the following: 1. Phase domain of a line 2. Mode domain of a line. I see when doing EMTP Studies, some models included Phase-mode transformation ...

Good day all, To those in design firms doing high voltage projects, where can I get some useful material on how to perform insulation coordination studies for HV substations and lines? Also, what software packages are you folks using for these kind of studies ? Regards

Many thanks

Hi all, I have done mainly substation design up to medium voltage level (44kV). I am starting to get into HV Design as well and I am going through a case study. My question is about Bay Control Units (BCUs).I see bay control units have digital inputs and outputs just like protection...

I am putting together a datasheet for an MCC panel for a copper mine. They require at least form 3b of internal segregation.I am listing form 3b for all the motors starters. The MCC Panel has a very large AIR Circuit Breaker (4000A) occupying a full tier. For the incomer and large starters...

Hello all, I am doing a relay settings study for 2 back up MV generators.In the relay manual for MiCom , they did mention the term Close-up falts. Can someone tell me what is a close up fault (I have heard of close in/out faults)

Good day engineers Can anyone please please please assist me with some wiring and control diagrams (Any starter type is fine) of large synchronous (even induction) motors that are above 4MW. Recently joined an EPCM firm doing mining and mineral processing projects and we have upcoming projects...

Good day engineers, not sure if you use ETAP, I am investigating the effect of starting a 3,3kV, 600kW ball mill for a gold mine.I am doing a dynamic motor starting study as we want to see the effect it has on the generator terminals. ETAP has different load models that represent compressors...

Thank you all for your response. We ended up proposing an active harmonic filter for the MCC.We modelled the single line diagram in ETAP and ran a harmonic analysis. We modeled using typical spectrums for 6 pulse VFDs and the Total Voltage Distortion was about 9.5%.We have proposed an active...

@cuky2000 No.It is a new installation.(I meant to say I had a similar project thta dealt with an existing installation but this one is a new MCC)