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Thanks for reply. Byt why are there so many symbols for that ? For example the first one has parallel control (button OR pressure AND solenoid) on both sides. So it just means that these controls work in both ways ? I will tell you how I would describe the meaning of these symbols and I would...

Hi, I never had hydraulics and pneumatics related subject at my university so I decided to learn a bit in this field on my own. I started from learning how to read schematics of fluid power systems. And there's one thing that bothers me now - the way that type of operation and centering should...

Thank you very much for all the replies. I am really glad that it's possible to get such a complex help on this forum. I will start from expanding my knowledge in terms of typical cases like beams or bars. Roark's book will be helpful for sure. However I am still looking for some examples of how...

Most calculations I perform are made for problems that do not come from real designs. I learn FEA at my university creating my own examples. So it's hard to verify them otherwise than using hand calculations. I will give you an example (Easter-related one) - let's say that we want to check how...

I will try to look for some examples but I doubt there are any useful equations for square channel flow. What about thermal analysis (not thermal stress, only temperature calculation) ? How would you verify that ? I guess that nobody uses Fourier’s PDE for verification ?

Thank you very much. And how would you check results from CFD simulation ? For example flow in square channel or curved one.

The problem is that my university only taught me how to solve typical tasks of strength of materials calculations. Like bending of beams, torsion of bars etc. I also had a subject called "fundamentals of machine design" where we were calculating weldments, threaded connections and similar...

Thanks for your reply. It sounds like a good idea to create simplified models for verification reasons. But what I wonder is how to do any hand calculations for cases more complicated than for example cantilever beam bending. I've heard that it's a good idea to use Free Body Diagrams for that...

Hi, many people advise to do hand calculations in order to verify FEA results at least approximately. Some even say that they always do these hand calculations. However, I Wonder how it is possible to do such calculations. I know that in static solid mechanics constructions can be simplified to...

Hi, Looking for any good English book about mechanisms. He said that he had one but can't remember its title. It was something like "Mechanism Design" but I'm not sure. The book has some practical examples of mechanism design. Its distinguishing feature is that it contains an example showing...

I realise that it should be transient analysis but I would like to simplify it and use static analysis. Unfortunately the best example I've found is in Polish but I would like to do something like that: https://www.arcjournals.org/pdfs/ijmsme/v3-i1/1.pdf in steady state. So I want to calculate...

Hi, I would like to learn how to calculate impact force for use as a static load in FEA simulation. Let’s say you model car crash or some falling object impact and don’t want to use explicit dynamics analysis in which objects will actually crash. I’ve found some examples of such calculations in...

Now everything's clear, thanks :-)

Hi, I would like to ask you one more question concering contacts. I've seen some YouTube tutorials on how to perform impact analysis (explicit dynamics) of car or bullet hitting obstacle. When car was already modelled as touching (connected with) obstacle then bonded contact was used. But when...

Do you know which type (penalty or Lagrangian) should be used in case of FSI model of closing heart valve where leaflets touch each other due to blood flow ? And which type (penalty or Lagrangian) to use when simulating ball hitting or pressing against flat surface (second one is like in...

In that YouTube example of threaded connection modeling, which I am referring to, there is default setting that all parts that have their surfaces closer than 0.004in from each other are automatically modelled with bonded contact. So in case of spring with coils separated at the beginning of...

When you perform fatigue analysis, static structural simulation is evaluated first to calculate stresses and strains under single load of given value. Then results obtained from it are combined with material models and load cycle characteristic to calculate fatigue life.

Thank you very much for fast reply. Could you tell me which contact should be applied when bodies are initially separated and one hits another (bullet and plate or ball and floor etc.) ? What about threaded connection ? Should contact be applied to all touching surfaces here ? For example...

Hi, I would like to ask when contact should be defined in structural mechanics analyses ? Could you explain it as for a beginner ? I've heard that every assembly model needs contacts applied but I think that it is possible to avoid them in many cases. I understand that when contact between 2...

You don't have to model pipe itself if you need only stress and displacement in support. You can replace it with proper load. Also bolted joints can be modeled with special boundary conditions. No need to use their geometry. Of course you also need to fix the bottom of that support. But if you...