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Select one piece of material, and multiply the thicknesses of each of the other pieces by the ratio of their modulus of elasticity over that of the selected piece. Then calculate using the ratio'd thicknesses. Michael. "Science adjusts its views based on what's observed. Faith is the denial of...

I can think of no case where a force is resisted only by moments. I don't have Kleinlogel any more but there will be an moments and an axial force to carry the load to the far side column and more moments. Michael. "Science adjusts its views based on what's observed. Faith is the denial of...

Trop99, I have used shallow beams in power plants, refineries and chemical production factories where the clearance between equipment is limited, on those I have run them over deeper columns, using a fixed end at the column to reduce moments and deflections in the beam, much like your examples...

Usually, the beam is deeper than the column so the standard arrangement gives a bigger interface than your suggestion. Michael. "Science adjusts its views based on what's observed. Faith is the denial of observation so that belief can be preserved." ~ Tim Minchin

You said, "In our case these are TC bolts and have to be inspected by the special inspector by testing a representative sample" The only way I know to do this is to install them on a machine that measures the tension. I mentioned a Skidmore, the usual machine, or other machine. It was simply my...

SeanStructural, you indicate that these are to be installed on a Skidmore or other machine before they are approved for use in the structure. I didn't think anyone else did this, my boss and I started these in the early days when we were building a nuke and these bolts were new on the market...

CoryPad, They sometimes run a sample of twist-off bolts in a Skidmore. Then there are inspection tests with a calibrated torque wrench of a sample of installed bolts. Since in most of the connections the bolts are not in tension other than the installation tension, they don't all have to meet...

We need a better explanation, a sketch would help. Michael. "Science adjusts its views based on what's observed. Faith is the denial of observation so that belief can be preserved." ~ Tim Minchin

You might try welding the internal stiffeners to the full length vertical plates, I assume these are the 1250mm plates, punch holes in the top and bottom plates, at the stiffener locations and use plug welds to make the attachment, then weld the plates along the edges. The precautions suggested...

It looks as though we have people at cross purposes here. The OP is speaking of the inspection of installed bolts. CoryPad is referring to factory tests that include physical and chemical properties. Based on my experience, 60% is a low expectation, in a properly installed joint, I would not...

KootK, I was about to agree with you when I saw your note on AISC. I got there by considering an equal and opposite pipe on the other side of the plate, and wondering if the shear pattern should really be changed by the addition or removal the plate. Michael. "Science adjusts its views based...

Control the failure mode by limiting the rebar holding the bolt's pull out block with the 1" bolts, or use your washer plates with the 3/4" bolts. Do you have to transmit shear? That can change thing. Michael. "Science adjusts its views based on what's observed. Faith is the denial of...

I woke up in the middle of the night before last, wide awake and wondering why I didn't answer the OP directly, I had the answer. Okay, I had my answer. The model is of a strut with an axial load and which has been given a lateral push in the middle. The critical load is one that can just...

@CELinOttawa, the 6 3/8" is the OD of the 12" pipe. Michael. "Science adjusts its views based on what's observed. Faith is the denial of observation so that belief can be preserved." ~ Tim Minchin

I think the line weld method is correct. If the fillet were a straight line there would be no question. In this case, the weld throat is longer than the face against the pipe. Considering the moment and assuming that it is the major load, different story if the shear is the major load. The...

I was thinking of elastic buckling and I'm sorry you disagree. I see that "deflection", as I used it is misleading. I have checked many damaged columns using Newmark's iterative method. This can be used to find the highest load just before the column buckles and hence the safety factor against...

I intended to add that the flexibility of the joint is not very important in stability calculations. The flexibility of the joint is over such a short part of the column than the decreased radius of curvature has little effect on the stability of the column. Again, I have no idea how you intend...

I'm a little confused. What are you doing to transfer vertical load? If these are heavy columns they should be machined, and then an AISC minimum tension applied via welds or splice plates. If they are lighter weight columns, then the load can be transferred via weld or splice plates. These...

While this has now run its course to the probable best solution, I believe that it is important that KootK prove to his own satisfaction that the combined shear case is not real, he should not just take our words for it. Michael. "Science adjusts its views based on what's observed. Faith is the...

This is the first time I came across stud rails so I had to look. For shear resistance, obviously. The rail in a formed slab would provide embedded plates. With all of those studs, the rail must be part of the reinforcing? it would seem so unless it can be rationalized away. If it is visible it...