Wouldn't suggest trying ground freezing if there is no groundwater. Would be extremely expensive.
However, you don't have to discount sheet piles as an option. I would suggest you employ an experienced sheet piling contractor to install the sheets. You can use the "Dig and Push" method for...
I would have thought that saw cuts would be fine provided that the reinforcement is stopped either side of the saw cut. The saw cut is obviously there for stress relief and will generate a crack through the entire depth of the section. If reinforcement passes through the cut area then I would...
Suggest you try www.Hilti.com
HILTI have a design package called Profis which I believe can be downloaded (written for their own bolts obviously). They do have resin anchor bolts in their range which may give you a feel for what you are looking at.
Rule of thumb is 1 tonne per inch embedment...
Hydro cutting. Use a high powered water jet to cut through the concrete.
A bit late for you perhaps but in the UK we use something similar to domestic foam pipe lagging taped to the upper ends of the rebar that we wish to keep in place. The foam stops at the cut level so you just cut the...
Why not look at grout-stabilising the stone wall itself at foundation level? By doing so you will have created a structure that is capable of spanning across a 4' gap while you carry out the underpinning work. The height of the arch of the grouted masonry will be approx 0.6 x the span of the...
There has been a fair bit of debate in the UK regarding the access into manholes, particularly amongst the water companies. The trend in the UK for deeper manholes is to NOT provide "step irons", ladders or rungs in the manhole wall.
The philosiphy is that any unauthorised person gaining...
As a non-expert on this, I would have thought that a car parking near a private residence would hit a column with the same force as the same car parking in a public car park. I would have thought the only difference is the number of cars parking in a given space, the impact loading should be...
Load rating of reinforced concrete pipes is done by the pipe maufacturer. It forms a part of the pipe's specification. The grade of the pipe should be marked on or cast into the unit on manufacture. The load rating is dependant upon the grade of concrete utilised, the pipe wall thickness and...
If the foundation slab has not been cast yet, how about casting pockets in the slab for your steelwork columns to be grouted into at a later date. Beware that this may change the fixity of the base joint from a pinned to a fixed connection.
Using a cantilever system is not the best idea for this application as you have correctly identified. Using the king-post type wall with timber laggings will attract additional deflection through deflection of the timber laggings between the posts.
Using tie-backs will be a problem as the tie...
Don't forget.......the wind doesn't always blow in the same direction !! If you have shielding on one pipe in one wind direction you won't get it when the wind changes .
I believe that Doug Brown who is the power behind SCALE is due to retire soon and it has been rumoured that it may no longer be technically supported. However, it is not currently obsolete.
It is a good package for an engineer to follow his/her way through a design calc as the printout is a...
Are there any good reference works out there on the design and detailing of spiral vortex drop shafts? From my searches so far there appears to be some work on numerical analysis but very little on how to determine the shape of the concrete vortex guide walls or guidance on calculating flow...
The primary purpose of adding fibres to the concrete mix is to improve the concrete's DURABILITY. It is deigned to be dispersed throughout the mix and to effectively "knit together" any cracks forming in the section by spanning across the crack itself.
Polypropylene fibres have been proven to...
Anything below ground, whether 8m deep or not is a confined space, and therefore brings with it a risk. You therefore need to assess the risks (so far as you are reasonably able) in the design. You can't always design out the risks but you can minimise them. If you tried to carry out...
Agree with the two postings above. Using timber laggings as a facing will help to keep pore water pressures down but may not look too good with time. You may also need to address the design life of the timber members.
The king posts could be cast into larger diameter bored holes to help...
If you are looking to use precast concrete manhole rings then look in the manufacturer's literature (ARC, Hanson etc). the rings are precast and so are the landing slabs, chimneys and cver slabs. Most good precasters list the allowable chamber depths for the UK i their data manuals.
You...
For those in the UK, the definitive guide is CIRIA Report Number108. This gives design tables and design guidance on formwork pressures based on the height of pour, rate of rise up the shutter, concrete temperature, cement content etc etc. It incorporates factors for walls and columns also...
