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Below link refers to a very good book on the Subject... http://www.kelm.ftn.uns.ac.rs/literatura/pdms/PracticalIndustrialDataCommunications.pdf

I am not that much familiar with communication protocols. Can anyone suggest me some good reference so that I can study it from the Substation Communincation stand point. Thanks in advance.

For low budget SKM is better for you. Its very cheap as compared to ETAP.

No harm, the output lux level will be less then what it should be at rated voltage.

Do we traditionally install a Multifunction Protection Relay on a Low Voltage MCCB? Will it operate like a Power Circuit Breaker from a Protection Relay? Thanks

With hot water pipes your cables will be derated. Also they may damage the insulation over the time and you may have to replace the cable completely.

I am working on a retrofit for 480 Cutler Hammer switchgear where the width of each section is 21". I have to install CTs and I need window type 3000/5A relaying CTs which can be placed side by side.Can anyone suggest me CTs with small dimensions and suitable window size (max. 3 inches) for such...

At how many times of rated current normally a metering CT saturates? I have a metering CT of 0.3B0.5, 600/5A class and want to use it with a protective relay which will pickup at 600A. Can I use this CT with the relay or I need a relaying class CT? Thanks

Thanks prc The correct link is below http://www.alstom.com/grid/npagrequest/

*Voltage drop at the bus. You may check this by running a motor starting study.

Depends upon your voltage drop particularly at the instant of motor starting and the no. of motors required to start at one time.

Calculate the applicable derating factor as per NEC or IEC which ever is applicable and make sure that your cable can carry 168A after being derated. For the derating due to grouping, refer to the vendor's catalogue. The optimum arrangement will depend upon the number of cables per group. It...

But I believe, by keeping one generator grounded at one time, you keep the other two in operation even if there is ground fault on the distribution side since all the generators are synchronised.

Well, I would like dpc any other senior member to reply to this.

tctctraining: Long time when I worked on the Lighting Design. I will have to see it :-)

I think he mean to say that he has 3 generators running in parallel but only one NGR is there and at one time only one of the generator is connected to the NGR. The remaining two generators run ungrounded. I have seen the same situation in one of the Power Plant for a fertilizers industry in...

Check Illumination Engineering Society (IES) handbook.

Thanks all for your valueable response.

I dont have any local generation, I have two 13.8kV feeders from the local utility. Do I need 81L/H protection for my system? Any reference?

Do we normally provide 81L/H protection settings for utility feeders at 13.8kV? Thanks