We use onenote for calcs (company has used it for 5-6 years I think with Surface pros and laptops, I've only been there two years), definitely sympathise regarding the printing. Takes a bit of getting used to at first writing on the screen, but like anything it is ultimately a lot more efficient than pen and paper. In hot weather when Surface pro gets really hot it melts your hand, so be prepared for that!
I tried word for a bit but you don't have the calculation engine that's present in onenote. So it was a hard ask to get others to give up onenote and change because they were addicted to it despite its faults.
Surface Pen works OK on surface, but once you get used to it typing out text is probably faster in onenote. Onenote does basic dumb calculations by typing out equations, but suffers from a lack of precision in some instances which can be frustrating. The ability to come back and change calculations or create templates and reuse bits and pieces is invaluable.
The best print quality I've managed to come up with ie to use Adobe pdf printer and create a print profile with the quality maxed out. Anything else seems even on max quality (I.E. Bluebeam) to just look like garbage (like you scanned it on lowest dpi with lots of compression.
Also using vector images helps a lot with printing quality if you need to cut and paste images into your calcs.
You also cannot use any highlighting using pen tool as it just converts to a solid mess with no transparency hiding anything you highlighted if you print to pdf.
Really need something that is a hybrid between excel, jupyter notebook, onenote and mathcad.... Unfortunately nothing is perfect for producing calculations the way I want to do it.