“The most successful people in life are the ones who ask questions. They’re always learning. They’re always growing. They’re always pushing.” Robert Kiyosaki
For HSS frames, diagonal HSS bracing. You could also use concrete shear wall core. For cold formed steel panels, strap bracing. It's very open ended; you can use anything. It's not that much different than conventional construction. The main possible difference is that each module needs to be laterally braced for shipping.
For modular construction, I would think shear walls would work best. Each module could have one or more walls that serve as a shear wall, thereby each containing its own lateral system.
I suppose each module could also be designed with its own set of moment frames.
Braced frames would be a little trickier because they'd have to be strategically located in certain modules around the building.
Also, braced frames are certainly more intrusive than moment frames or shear walls (assuming the shear walls are designed to have openings).
Yeah, the bracing would be strategically located to allow for doors and windows. Generally inverted Chevron bracing where an opening is needed in the center.
