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Creative temporary range-extension solutions for EVs?

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LMF5000

Mechanical
Dec 31, 2013
88
We're all engineers here. What are some creative ways we can think of to temporarily increase the range of an EV to make it comparable to a regular car when needed? (Speaking for myself, we live on an island and only own nissan leafs, which are perfect for us in every way except with successive fast charging on super-long road trips when we rarely visit the mainland).

The most obvious solution is to add electricity by means of batteries or a generator. The issue with that is that all EVs have safeguards against it. No EV will let you charge while driving for instance. The leaf in particular is known to protectively shut down when it measures that the battery has output significantly more kWh than could conceivably be stored in the battery (which was discovered when someone paralleled an external pack with the leaf's own battery - the workaround for that is to inject the electricity in the external line between the battery and the inverter rather than injecting it within the battery - but any solution of this nature requires permanently modifying the car by splicing into the HV cabling, which isn't a convenient, off-the-shelf solution).

I've thought of having a jet engine or propeller on the roof rack to supply just enough thrust to overcome drag at highway speeds (so car gets 100x more range on a charge, and the computers won't complain because to the car it feels just like driving downhill or with a tailwind all the way) but obviously this is a safety hazard and the noise and appearance will be unacceptable.

I've thought of a trailer containing an engine and a gearbox or generator/motor combo (like on diesel locomotives). The trailer pushes the car along using its wheels. Again the car won't complain, and the trailer can be self-contained and very compact (20-30bhp will sustain highway speeds on a leaf). The problems are dynamic stability since it'll be pushing through the towbar, and managing the control of the engine so it stops thrusting during braking or coasting. (For braking it could have a simple optical recognition system to detect the car's brake lights, for the rest I'm not sure if it can sense the driver's intentions through the force in the towbar for instance. Maybe do it in a dumb way where it provides x horsepower of assistance at y road speed and have a remote on/off switch in the driver's hands for road conditions where the assistance is not wanted).

Anyway nothing too serious, just an interesting thought that crosses my mind from time to time when I contemplate a 900-mile holiday with my 40kWh 2022 Leaf.
 
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Just get a car with the range you need.

"Schiefgehen wird, was schiefgehen kann" - das Murphygesetz
 
Agreed. EVs are not yet in a position of being able to go everywhere. My Chevy Bolt is more than sufficient for daily driving, and fast-charging stations get the job done for the occasional longer trip (there have only been a couple in the entire time that I've owned it). I'm keeping my combustion-engine van for motorcycle-hauling and really long-distance vacation trips. Rube Goldberg solutions don't make sense.
 
I've never had a situation where the range was really a problem - in fact this year I sold my last ICE and now our family only has EVs (a used 2016 and a new 2022 Nissan Leaf in our case). The direct running costs are 1/5th what petrol used to cost per mile, the annual road tax is €10 instead of the €350 my ICE used to cost, and for servicing I basically do it myself since most years it's just cabin filter, visual inspection and other basics (I use a mechanic for heavier maintenance like brake fluid and pads but those tend to last for years since most braking is done by regen so the real brakes don't get much use).

In reality I can just rent an ICE the one time a year I need to, but I'm just wondering if there might be a solution for say someone who needs to cross a desert or similar in their EV, where charging points don't exist. Or if say I wanted to drive our 2016 leaf with a range of just 120km to muxsan in the Netherlands to fit a bigger battery (it's a 2700km trip). Yes I could load it on a container and drive or ship it there but there would be nothing more satisfying than driving it there under its own power - without stopping 20 times to charge for an hour.
 
None of the OP's solutions are practical or legal in the 1st world.
 
That's what a Chevy Volt is. An EV with an on-board generator to extend the range. It was supposed to be equipped with a fuel cell, but the State(s) which committed to having hydrogen fueling stations reneged and it took GM a full year to re-architect a new power source.

The public will reject most of this eventually when they are denied access to their boats, travel trailers, landscape haulers, home building trucks, going to relatives out of state, holiday travel, and the feeling of safety in a large passenger carrying vehicle fueled by molecules of carbon and hydrogen that have the greatest capacity of energy storage of any of the offered options.

I'll be farmers will make YOU come to THEM when you are hungry while they have the food and no affordable way to get it to a market. HA HA.
 
I see this as the future. Emissions rules here in USA are substantially less restrictive for engines under 50hp. Small battery packs with a 49hp engine is a way to make a car perform well while working around regulations.
 
This is why EV's are currently falling out of favor to plug-in hybrids.
 
I was going to say that but then when you look at PHEVs, their battery capacity is generally really quite low, often 10 to 15 kWh, so up to about 40 to 50 mile range only.

Might be good enough for a commute or shopping but not a long journey.

Remember - More details = better answers
Also: If you get a response it's polite to respond to it.
 
PHEV's are precisely the solution for long journeys because after they run out of electric only battery range the gasoline engine kicks in and they keep right on trucking for the next several hundred miles.


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The Help for this program was created in Windows Help format, which depends on a feature that isn't included in this version of Windows.
 
I'm not looking for a PHEV because I see it as inefficient to lug around an internal combustion engine for the 99% of trips that can comfortably be done solely on battery power (in fact our family now operates only two nissan leafs, no hybrids or fuel powered vehicles any more). What I was pondering was some kind of range-increasing contraption to use for that one week a year where we leave the island and go for a long road trip.

The most interesting solution so far is the one in the Hyundai N Vision 74 concept, which uses an 85kW hydrogen fuel cell as the range extender to help the 62.4kWh main battery. So normally it operates as an EV with normal EV range (heck, our leafs have batteries of 24kWh and 40kWh so the Hyundai is more of a EV than our actual EVs), but when the going gets tough you turn on the hydrogen and it charges up the battery (or doubles the horsepower at the wheels).

The hydrogen is of course consumable and would need to be replenished, but I like the elegance of a maintenance-free system with almost no moving parts and with much greater conversion efficiency than a piston engine. Plus hydrogen combustion emits only water (no CO2) so in the city it's effectively as clean as a pure EV too. And lastly hydrogen can be created from water by electrolysis, so you can view it as a concentrated reservoir of charge - like a battery with more conversion steps and inefficiency in exchange for much greater energy density.

I can conceivably see a future where homes with solar panels also install an electrolysis cell and high pressure pump, and fill their own hydrogen tanks with their surplus power once the EV battery is full.
 
I suspect it would be cheaper to buy a second car than that solution. The overall efficiency of green hydrogen to fuel cell to electricity is not especially high, maybe 40% overall.

Cheers

Greg Locock


New here? Try reading these, they might help FAQ731-376
 
some kind of range-increasing contraption to use for that one week a year where we leave the island and go for a long road trip. - just rent an ICE car for the trip.
 
Seriously? It's to inefficient to lug around an ICE, but OK to lug around a fuel cell? You pay for the so-called efficiency when the hydrogen is generated in the first place most likely with a hydrocarbon fuel-powered electrolysis processing, so your "clean" emissions are simply hidden from view.

In the US, even the electricity for recharging your battery is 60% generated from fossil fuel
TTFN (ta ta for now)
I can do absolutely anything. I'm an expert! faq731-376 forum1529 Entire Forum list
 
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