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Earthquake 2

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This area has been super active last night,
M 7.8 - 26 km E of Nurdağı, Turkey; Time 2023-02-05 20:17:35 (UTC-05:00)
M 7.5 - 4 km SSE of Ekinözü, Turkey; Time 2023-02-06 05:24:49 (UTC-05:00)
and many smaller.
Screenshot_from_2023-02-06_06-05-30_dipqbn.png


I will let others start a discussion of the politics of Turkish Building Codes. At least one reinforced concrete building pancaked (dik's link). We learned this expensive lesson in California, the building codes are improved. However the life cycle of buildings incorporates the improvement slowly into the building stock..
 
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There are a few. The big one, the BTC pipeline, goes around that area we'll to the North up through Sivas and Erzincan.

Einstein gave the same test to students every year. When asked why he would do something like that, "Because the answers had changed."
 
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Absolutely devastating earthquakes.

From the videos of the building collapses, it seems a lot have failed due to a soft-storey mechanism.

What is the common lateral stability system in this region / construction era?
 
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Following the 1994 Northridge earthquake considerable work was done to discover (reverse engineer) the observed failure modes. Problems were observed in both steel and concrete moment frames, this resulted in our codes in earthquake prone areas being revised to account for the observed loads.

I wounder about the building code situation with respect to earthquake design and enforcement thereof in Turkey. Note this part of turkey has been in political duress for a Long Time, so it is unlikely that the building code situation has priority with the political process.

The Northridge earthquake exposed flaws in the Getty’s construction—and changed how LA builds; If it hadn’t been for what was observed after Northridge, and the Getty’s commitment, nothing might have been fixed; By Jenna Chandler@jennakchandler Jan 17, 2020, 9:35am PST

The Northridge Earthquake and Structures Jack Moehle

NIST Report Report of building performance during the Northridge earthquake attached.


A case has been opened, but data is minimal as of this writing. 2023-02-06 | [EMSR648] Earthquake in East Anatolian Fault Zone
 
 https://files.engineering.com/getfile.aspx?folder=d601251b-7c2a-462e-bc51-eb0d2b6b508f&file=GOVPUB-C13-80b021981b7845eb8e7d09b3aa8d4c7f.pdf
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Enforcement! Like I told someone recently who asked about this, there should be no excuse regarding enforcement. If you can afford to build multi-story construction then you can afford to have proper enforcement. That applies to all parties from the AHJ down to the owner and contractors. There is no amount of money or effort that can be said to justify this enormous loss of life. Additional costs to get good seismic performance are a small % of total building costs. Stop building multi story construction without proper codes and enforcement!
 
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Look at what happened with the Miami collapse... and that's a civilised country...

-----*****-----
So strange to see the singularity approaching while the entire planet is rapidly turning into a hellscape. -John Coates

-Dik
 
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How does enforcement work in areas that are in political disarray?
NEWS EXPLAINER; 06 February 2023; Update 07 February 2023: Turkey–Syria earthquake: what scientists know, Turkey and Syria’s buildings have always been vulnerable to earthquakes, but war has made things worse.
[URL unfurl="true" said:
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-00364-y[/URL]]In 1999, a magnitude-7.4 earthquake hit 11 kilometres southeast of Izmit, Turkey, killing more than 17,000 people and leaving more than 250,000 homeless. After this tragedy, the Turkish government introduced new building codes and a compulsory earthquake insurance system. However, many of the buildings affected by this week’s quake were built before 2000, says Mustafa Erdik, a civil engineer at Boğaziçi University, Turkey.

Things are worse in Syria, where more than 11 years of conflict have made building standards impossible to enforce. The earthquake struck Syria’s northwestern regions, with buildings collapsing in Aleppo and Idlib. Some war-damaged buildings in Syria have been rebuilt using low-quality materials or “whatever materials are available”, says Rothery. “They might have fallen down more readily than things that were built at somewhat greater expense. We’ve yet to find out,” he adds.
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Clearing sub par buildings by letting earthquakes take them down is effective, but it is really expensive in lives. :-(
 
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