Jusrt for general knowledge, ISA has changed the meaning of its abbreviation. It is now the "Instrumentation, Systems, and Automation Society." They do have a lot of good books and training courses, but the courses seem to be aimed mostly at the technician level.
I&C is very interdisciplinary in nature. You need electrical, mechanical, and computer programming/networking/data handling knowledge.
I've seen two problems with I&C knowledge and academia:
The tech schools that have programs in this area don't teach enough theory. Most don't teach digital control and discuss effects of sampling period, determination of system stability/sensitivity, or optimization of controllers (and I don't mean PID tuning). They also usually don't discuss uncertainty propagation through systems, statistical analysis of data, statistical process control, and design of experiments for system testing. Some barely touch on analysis of systems in the frequency domain.
The universities and colleges that have programs in this area don't teach enough practical knowledge. Controls is frequently approached in a classroom as a mathematics exercise, with labs/projects performed in Matlab or some other software simulation environment. No wiring or installation methods/practices/codes, no machine/unit/equipment operation, and no integration of systems is usually discussed. PLC/DCS programming is ignored. Tradesworkers usually don't have a lot of respect fo new engineers because of their lack of practical knowledge. Newbies usually don't know how to design a system that is easy to install and maintain, and frequently overlook practical, simple fixes to problems. They also usually can't troubleshoot very well since they haven't done any other than in student labs.
My opinion is that an I&C engineer should start out as an instrumentation/electronics technician and learn about installation and maintenance of I&C systems along with equipment operation. This will probably require an AS in electronics or equivalent military training/experience. About four years in this role should give the person a good place to start. This experience may be concurrent with the next step.
Get a degree in engineering (preferably electrical, though some mechanical and chemical engineering curricula may be worthwhile) with the associated theoretical courses. One problem is that many universities give little to no credit for tech school classes, so a student basically has to start over. Don't forget what it was like to be a technician. Tradespeople will like the fact that the engineer speaks their language (and was one of them once).
When you become an engineer, constantly continue your education. Read books, attend professional development courses, be active in professional groups like ISA or an industry-specific organization, teach. Build a library of reference materials. Always be learning and sharing your knowledge.
I am speaking from personal experience. This is the route that I followed, and it was very effective in making me a good I&C engineer. I've spent 10 years in I&C and loved every minute of it. I'm currently taking grad school classes with the ultimate goal of becoming a professor so I can try to fix some of the problems that I discussed above. I'd even like to start my own school someday that teaches both the theoretical and practical sides of the world of I&C.
Best of luck.
xnuke
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